Umm al-Jimal, situated 80 km north of Amman, is a remarkable site of late antique history and architecture, constructed primarily from black basalt stone. Originally a Nabataean settlement, it later served as a Roman military post and flourished as a Byzantine farming and trading town between the 5th and 7th centuries. Key highlights include 150 basalt houses, 16 churches, and structures like the Praetorium, Commodus Gate, and the Great Reservoir, all reflecting its rich Roman and Byzantine heritage. The well-preserved House XVII-XVIII complex and churches, such as the Double Church and Cathedral, reveal transitions in religious practices from Roman to Christian and early Islamic periods. In 2024, Umm al-Jimal was recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, further cementing its significance as a cultural and historical treasure.

The site’s innovative basalt construction techniques, such as corbelling and interlocking courses, enabled the creation of multi-story, durable structures that have withstood centuries. Nabataean inscriptions, some of which are bilingual in Greek, highlight the cultural fusion of the era. Visitors can explore 33 points of interest along the Interpretive Trail and visit the on-site museum, which showcases artifacts and provides deeper insights into the site's history. This unique blend of architectural ingenuity and cultural heritage, preserved through local efforts, makes Umm al-Jimal a compelling destination for understanding Jordan's diverse past.